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ANSI/RIA R15.06-2012 Part 1 7 Industrial Robot - automatically controlled, reprogrammable multi-purpose manipulator, programmable in three or more axes, which can be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications. NOTE 1 – The industrial robot includes: – the manipulator, including actuators; – the controller, including teach pendant and any communication interface (hardware and software). NOTE 2 – This includes any integrated additional axes. NOTE 3 – The following devices are considered industrial robots for the purpose of this [standard]: – hand-guided robots; – the manipulating portions of mobile robots; – collaborating robots.